Phaseolus beans (Leguminosae, Phaseoleae): a checklist and notes on their taxonomy and ecology

Authors

  • D.G. Debouck Genetic Resources Program, Alliance of Bioversity International and International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17348/jbrit.v15.i1.1052

Keywords:

crop wild relatives, endemism, neotropics, phytogeography

Abstract

This work presents an updated list of the species belonging to the genus Phaseolus following its definition of 1978; it is the outcome of the study of eighty-six herbaria and forty-one explorations in the field in the period 1978–2019. There are currently eighty-one species, all of them native to the Americas, most of them distributed north of Panama (the genus is a migrant into South America), and half of them being known by very few records. They thrive in warm to mild temperate, seasonally dry, open forest, with rains under favorable temperature, from sea level up to 3,000 m. The recent increase in the number of recognized species is due to the endemic ones; this in combination with few unclassified specimens may indicate that the total number of species is not final yet, and that field work will be rewarding.

References

Abbott, J.R. & W.S. Judd. 2000. Floristic inventory of the Waccasassa Bay State Preserve, Levy County, Florida. Rhodora 102(912):439–513.
Acosta-Díaz, E., A.D. Baez-González, I. Hernández-Torres, J.S. Padilla-Ramírez, I.H. Almeyda-León, & F. Zavala-García. 2019. Estado de conservación de once especies de frijol silvestre (Phaseolus spp. Fabaceae) en el noreste de México. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agric. 10(2):417–429.
Acosta-Díaz, E., I. Hernández-Torres, M.D. Amador-Ramírez, J.S. Padilla-Ramírez, F. Zavala-García, & A.D. Baez-González. 2015. Collection and characterization of wild species of Phaseolus (Fabaceae) in northeastern Mexico for ex situ conservation. Pl. Ecol. Evol. 148(1):119–127. http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2015.1009.
Alvarez, A.E., C.C.M. van de Wiel, M.J.M. Smulders, & B. Vosman. 2001. Use of microsatellites to evaluate genetic diversity and species relationships in the genus Lycopersicon. Theor. Appl. Genet. 103(8):1283–1292.
Araya-Villalobos, R., W.G. González-Ugalde, F. Camacho-Chacón, P. Sánchez-Trejos, & D.G. Debouck. 2001. Observations on the geographic distribution, ecology and conservation status of several Phaseolus bean species in Costa Rica. Genet. Resources & Crop Evol. 48(3):221–232.
Ariani, A., J.C. Berny-Mier y Terán, & P. Gepts. 2017. Spatial and temporal scales of range expansion in wild Phaseolus vulgaris. Mol. Biol. Evol. 35(1):119–131. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msx273.
Avise, J.C. 2002. Genetics in the wild. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington, D.C., U.S.A. 248p.
Baudet, J.-C. 1977. Origine et classification des espèces cultivées du genre Phaseolus. Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belg. 110:65–76.
Bayuelo-Jiménez, J., D.G. Debouck, & J. Lynch. 2002. Salinity tolerance in Phaseolus species during early vegetative growth. Crop Sci. 42(6):2184–2192.
Becerra-Velásquez, V., M. Paredes-Cárcomo, & D.G. Debouck. 2011. Genetic relationships of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) race Chile with wild Andean and Mesoamerican germplasm. Chilean J. Agric. Res. 71(1):3–15.
Beebe, S.E. & D.G. Debouck. 2019. Common beans and Lima beans in the northern Andes: evolutionary riddles and potential utility. Annu. Rept Bean Improvement Coop. (USA) 62:xxii–xxxi.
Bentham, G. 1837. Commentationes de leguminosarum generibus. J.P. Sollingeri. Vienna, Austria. Pp. 72–78.
Bentham, G. 1844. The botany of the voyage of H.M.S. Sulphur under the command of Captain Sir Edward Belcher during the years 1836–42. The botanical descriptions. Smith, Elder and Co., Publishers. London, England. 195p.
Berglund-Brücher, O. & H. Brücher. 1974. Murutungo, eine semi-domestizierte wildbohne (Phaseolus flavescens Piper) aus den tropischen gebirgen Südamerikas. Angew. Bot. 48(3–4):209–220.
Bitocchi, E., E. Bellucci, A. Giardini, D. Rau, M. Rodríguez, E. Biagetti, R. Santilocchi, P. Spagnoletti-Zeuli, T. Gioia, G. Logozzo, G. Attene, L. Nanni, & R. Papa. 2013. Molecular analysis of the parallel domestication of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) in Mesoamerica and the Andes. New Phytol. 197(1):303–313. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04377.x.
Blair, M.W., W. Pantoja, & L.C. Muñoz. 2012. First use of microsatellite markers in a large collection of cultivated and wild accessions of tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius A. Gray). Theor. Appl. Genet. 125(6):1137–1147. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-012-1900-0.
Bonpland, A., A. von Humboldt, & C.S. Kunth. 1823. Nova genera et species plantarum quas in peregrinatione ad plagam aequinoctialem orbis novi collegerunt, descripserunt, partim adumbraverunt. Tomus sextus. Librairie De Gide Fils. Paris, France. 542p.
Brandegee, T.S. 1893. Flora of the Cape Region of Baja California. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. ser. 2, 3:108–182.
Brandegee, T.S. 1912. Plantae Mexicanae Purpusianae, IV. Univ. Calif. Pub. Bot. 4(15):269–281.
Breedlove, D.E. 1986. Listados florísticos de México. IV. Flora de Chiapas. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. México, D.F., México. 246p.
Britton, N.L. 1918. Flora of Bermuda. Charles Scribner’s Sons. New York, New York, U.S.A. 585p.
Buhrow, R. 1983. The wild beans of Southwestern North America. Desert Pl. 5(2):67–88.
Burkart, A. 1941. Sobre la existencia de razas silvestres de Phaseolus vulgaris y P. lunatus. Resoluciones y Resumenes de Botánica. Primera Reunión Argentina de Agronomía, Buenos Aires, Argentina. P. 52.
Burkart, A. 1952. Las leguminosas argentinas silvestres y cultivadas. 2da edición. Editorial Acme Agency. Buenos Aires, Argentina. 589p.
Caicedo, A.L., E. Gaitán, M.C. Duque, O. Toro-Chica, D.G. Debouck, & J. Tohme. 1999. AFLP fingerprinting of Phaseolus lunatus L. and related wild species from South America. Crop Sci. 39(5):1497–1507.
Carranza-P., M.A. & J.A. Villareal-Quintanilla. 1997. Leguminosas de Coahuila, México. Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Saltillo, Coahuila, México. 223p.
Chacón-Sánchez, M.I. & J. Martínez-Castillo. 2017. Testing domestication scenarios of Lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) in Mesoamerica: insights from genome-wide genetic markers. Front. Pl. Sci. 8, 1551:1–20. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01551.
Chacón-Sánchez, M.I., B. Pickersgill, & D.G. Debouck. 2005. Domestication patterns in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and the origin of the Mesoamerican and Andean cultivated races. Theor. Appl. Genet. 110(3):432–444. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-004-1842-2.
Chacón-Sánchez, M.I., B. Pickersgill, D.G. Debouck, & J. Salvador-Arias. 2007. Phylogeographic analysis of the chloroplast DNA variation in wild common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in the Americas. Pl. Syst. Evol. 266(3–4):175–195. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-007-0536-z.
Copeland, A., P. Malcolm, & S. Barrios. 2014. Phaseolus lignosus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014: e.T56960811A56960839. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-3.RLTS.T56960811A56960839.en. Accessed on 23 October 2020.
Correa, M., C. Galdames, & M.S. de Stapf. 2004. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Panamá. Universidad de Panamá and Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama. 599p.
Correll, D.S. & M.C. Johnston. 1970. Manual of the vascular plants of Texas. Texas Research Foundation. Renner, Texas, U.S.A. 1881p.
Dávila-Aranda, P., J.L. Villaseñor-Ríos, R. Medina-Lemos, A. Ramírez-Roa, A. Salinas-Tovar, J. Sánchez-Ken, & P. Tenorio-Lezama. 1993. Listados florísticos de México - X. Flora del Valle de Tehuacán-Cuicatlán. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. México, D.F., México. 195p.
Debouck, D.G. 1999. Diversity in Phaseolus species in relation to the common bean. In: S.P. Singh, ed. Common bean improvement in the twenty first century. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands. Pp. 25–52.
Debouck, D.G. 2015. Observations about Phaseolus lignosus (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae: Phaseoleae), a bean species from the Bermuda Islands. J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 9(1):107–119.
Debouck, D.G. 2019a. Cahiers de Phaséologie - section Paniculati: 454p. International Center for Tropical Agriculture. Cali, Colombia. Available from: http://ciat.cgiar.org/what-we-do/crop-conservation-and-use/ [in program files] (accessed 23 October 2020).
Debouck, D.G. 2019b. Cahiers de Phaséologie - section Pedicellati: 126p. International Center for Tropical Agriculture. Cali, Colombia. Available from: http://ciat.cgiar.org/what-we-do/crop-conservation-and-use/ [in program files] (accessed 23 October 2020).
Debouck, D.G. 2019c. Cahiers de Phaséologie - section Phaseoli: 229p. International Center for Tropical Agriculture. Cali, Colombia. Available from: http://ciat.cgiar.org/what-we-do/crop-conservation-and-use/ [in program files] (accessed 23 October 2020).
Debouck, D.G. 2019d. Cahiers de Phaséologie - section Rugosi: 149p. International Center for Tropical Agriculture. Cali, Colombia. Available from: http://ciat.cgiar.org/what-we-do/crop-conservation-and-use/ [in program files] (accessed 23 October 2020).
Debouck, D.G, R. Araya-Villalobos, & N. Chaves-Barrantes. 2018. Phaseolus angucianae (Leguminosae, Phaseoleae), a new bean species from Fila Cruces of southeastern Costa Rica. J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 12(2):507–520.
Debouck, D.G., N. Chaves-Barrantes, & R. Araya-Villalobos. 2019. New records of Phaseolus microcarpus (Leguminosae-Phaseoleae) for Costa Rica. J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 13(1):209–215.
Debouck, D.G., N. Chaves-Barrantes, & R. Araya-Villalobos. 2020. Phaseolus albicarminus (Leguminosae, Phaseoleae), a new wild bean species from the subhumid forests of southern central Costa Rica. Phytotaxa 449(1):1–14. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.449.1.1.
Debouck, D.G. & E. Rodríguez-Quiel. 2020. Avances sobre los recursos genéticos de fríjol (Phaseolus sp.) en Panamá. Ciencia Agropecuaria 30:66–85.
Delgado-Salinas, A.O. 1985. Systematics of the genus Phaseolus (Leguminosae) in North and Central America. Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. of Texas-Austin, Texas, U.S.A. 363p.
Delgado-Salinas, A. 1988. Variation, taxonomy, domestication, and germplasm potentialities in Phaseolus coccineus. In: P. Gepts, ed. Genetic resources of Phaseolus beans. Kluwer Academic Publishers. Dordrecht, Holland. Pp. 441–463.
Delgado-Salinas, A. 2000. New species of Mexican Phaseolus (Fabaceae). Syst. Bot. 25(3):414–436.
Delgado-Salinas, A., R. Bibler, & M. Lavin. 2006. Phylogeny of the genus Phaseolus (Leguminosae): a recent diversification in an ancient landscape. Syst. Bot. 31(4):779–791.
Delgado-Salinas, A., A. Bonet, & P. Gepts. 1988. The wild relative of Phaseolus vulgaris in Middle America. In: P. Gepts, ed. Genetic resources of Phaseolus beans. Kluwer Academic Publishers. Dordrecht, Holland. Pp. 163–184.
Delgado-Salinas, A., A. Bruneau, & J.J. Doyle. 1993. Chloroplast DNA phylogenetic studies in New World Phaseolinae (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae: Phaseoleae). Syst. Bot. 18(1):6–17.
Delgado-Salinas, A. & W.D. Carr. 2007. Phaseolus texensis (Leguminosae: Phaseolinae): a new species from the Edwards Plateau of central Texas. Lundellia 10:11–17.
Delgado-Salinas, A. & S. Gama-López. 2015. Diversidad y distribución de los frijoles silvestres en México. Rev. Dig. Univ. (UNAM, México) 16(2):2–11.
Delgado-Salinas, A., M. Thulin, R. Pasquet, N. Weeden, & M. Lavin. 2011. Vigna (Leguminosae) sensu lato: the names and identities of the American segregate genera. Amer. J. Bot. 98(10):1694–1715. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1100069.
Delgado-Salinas, A., T. Turley, A. Richman, & M. Lavin. 1999. Phylogenetic analysis of the cultivated and wild species of Phaseolus (Fabaceae). Syst. Bot. 24(3):438–460.
Diels, L. 1937. Beiträge zur kenntnis der Vegetation und Flora von Ecuador. Bibliot. Bot. 29(116):1–188.
Dillon, M.O. 1994. Bosques húmedos del norte del Perú. Arnaldoa 2(1):29–42.
Dohle, S., J.C. Berny Mier y Teran, A. Egan, T. Kisha, & C.K. Khoury. 2019. Chapter 4. Wild beans (Phaseolus L.) of North America. In: S.L. Greene, K.A. Williams, C.K. Khoury, M.B. Kantar, & L.F. Marek, eds. North American Crop Wild Relatives. Volume 2”, Springer Nature AG. Berne, Switzerland. Pp. 99–127. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97121-6_4.
Don, G. 1832. A general system of gardening and botany containing a complete enumeration and description of all plants hitherto known. JG & F Rivington. London, England. Vol. 2. Pp. 349–356.
Drewes, S.I. 2008. Prospección y colecta de germoplasma silvestre de Phaseolus vulgaris en la zona central de Argentina. Pl. Genet. Resources Newsl. 155:9–14.
Ducke, A. 1925. Plantes nouvelles ou peu connues de la région amazonienne. IIIe partie. Arq. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 4:1–208.
Espinosa-Garduño, J. & S. Rodríguez-Jímenez. 1996. Listado florístico del Estado de Michoacán - Sección 4 (Angiospermae: Fagaceae, Gramineae, Krameriaceae, Leguminosae). Instituto de Ecología A.C., Centro Regional del Bajío. Fasciculo complementario XII. 270p.
Estrada-Castillón, A.E. & A. Martínez-M. 2000. Legumes from the central part of the state of Chihuahua, Mexico. Sida 19(2):351–360.
Fishbein, M., R.K. Wilson, D. Yetman, P. Jenkins, & P.S. Martin. 1998. Part 4. Annotated list of Río Mayo vascular plants. In: P.S. Martin, D. Yetman, M. Fishbein, P. Jenkins, T.R. van Devender, & R.K. Wilson, eds. Gentry’s Río Mayo plants: the tropical deciduous forest and environs of northwest Mexico. The University of Arizona Press. Tucson, Arizona, U.S.A. Pp. 167–522.
Florez-Ramos, C.P., C.H. Ocampo-Nahar, & O. Toro-Chica. 2003. A biochemical trait helps to recognize Phaseolus parvifolius Freytag in the gene pool of tepary bean. Annu. Rept. Bean Improvement Coop. (USA) 46:23–24.
Fofana, B., J.P. Baudoin, X. Vekemans, D.G. Debouck, & P. du Jardin. 1999. Molecular evidence for an Andean origin and a secondary gene pool for the Lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) using chloroplast DNA. Theor. Appl. Genet. 98(2):202–212.
Freeman, G.F. 1912. Southwestern beans and teparies. University of Arizona Agricultural Experiment Station. Bulletin 68. Tucson, Arizona, U.S.A. 55p.
Freyre, R., R. Ríos, L. Guzmán, D.G. Debouck, & P. Gepts. 1996. Ecogeographic distribution of Phaseolus spp. (Fabaceae) in Bolivia. Econ. Bot. 50(2):195–215.
Freytag, G.F. & D.G. Debouck. 1996. Phaseolus costaricensis, a new wild bean species (Phaseolinae, Leguminosae) from Costa Rica and Panama, Central America. Novon 6(2):157–163.
Freytag, G.F. & D.G. Debouck. 2002. Taxonomy, distribution, and ecology of the genus Phaseolus (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) in North America, Mexico and Central America. Sida, Bot. Misc. 23:1–300.
Gentry, H.S. 1957. Los pastizales de Durango - Estudio ecológico, fisiográfico y florístico. Instituto Mexicano de Recursos Naturales Renovables. México, D.F., México. 361p.
Gillett, J.M. & M.J. Shchepanek. 1977. Isotypes and syntypes in a Lindheimer Texas collection at the national herbarium of Canada, Ottawa. Taxon 26(4):429–434.
González-Torres, R.I., R. Araya-Villalobos, E. Gaitán-Solís, & D.G. Debouck. 2004. Wild common bean in the central valley of Costa Rica. Agron. Mesoam. 15(2):145–153.
Gray, A. 1852. Plantae Wrightianae Texano-Neo-Mexicanae: an account of a collection of plants made by Charles Wright, A.M., in an expedition from Texas to El Paso, New Mexico, in the summer and autumn of 1849. Part I. Smithsonian Contr. Knowledge 3(5):1–146.
Gray, A. 1853. Plantae Wrightianae Texano-Neo-Mexicanae: an account of a collection of plants made by Charles Wright, A.M., in western Texas, New Mexico, and Sonora, in the years 1851 and 1852. Part II. Smithsonian Contr. Knowledge 5(6):1–119.
Greene, E.L. 1881. New plants of New Mexico and Arizona. Bot. Gaz. 6(6):217–219.
Greenman, J.M. 1907. New or noteworthy spermatophytes from Mexico, Central America and the West Indies. Publ. Field Col. Mus. Bot. 11(6):247–287.
Gronovius, J.F. 1762. Flora Virginica exhibens plantas, quas nobilissimus vir D.D. Johannes Claytonus, in Virginia crescentes observavit, collegit & obtulit. Lugduni Batavorum. 184p.
Gujaria-Verma, N., L. Ramsay, A.G. Sharpe, L-A. Sanderson, D.G. Debouck, B. Tar’an, & K.E. Bett. 2016. Gene-based SNP discovery in tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius) and common bean (P. vulgaris) for diversity analysis and comparative mapping. BMC Genomics 17(239):1–16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-016-2499-3.
Harlan, J.R. 1992. Crops and man. 2nd edition. American Society of Agronomy, Inc. and Crop Science Society of America, Inc. Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A. 284p.
Harms, H. 1921. Einige neue Phaseolus-Arten. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Mus. Berlin-Dahlem 7:503–508.
Hermann, F.J. 1948. Notes on North American Leguminosae. J. Washington Acad. Sci. 38(7):236–238.
Hermann, F.J. 1966. Notes on western range forbs. Agriculture Handbook 293. United States Department of Agriculture. Washington, D.C., U.S.A. 365p.
Hinton, J. & J. Rzedowski. 1972. George B. Hinton, collector of plants in southwestern Mexico. J. Arnold Arbor. 53(2):141–181.
Hoc, P. 1999. Phaseolus L. In: F.O. Zuloaga & O. Morrone, eds. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de la República Argentina. Missouri Botanical Garden Press. St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A. Pp. 715–718.
Hollick, A. & N.L. Britton. 1895. Flora of Richmond County, New York. Additions and new localities, 1891–1895. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 22(11):460–462.
Hooker, J.D. 1847. An enumeration of the plants of the Galapagos archipelago, with descriptions of those which are new. Trans. Linn. Soc. London 20(2):163–233.
Hooker, W.J. & G.A.W. Arnott. 1841. The botany of captain Beechey’s voyage; comprising an account of the plants collected by Messrs Lay and Collie, and other officers of the expedition, during the voyage to the Pacific and Bering’s strait, performed in his majesty’s ship Blossom, under the command of captain F.W. Beechey in the years 1825–28. Henry G. Bohn. London, England. 485p.
Isely, D. 1990. Vascular flora of the southeastern United States. Vol. 3, part 2. Leguminosae (Fabaceae). The University of North Carolina Press. Chapel Hill, North Carolina, U.S.A. 258p.
Isely, D. 1993. Phaseolus. In: J.C. Hickman, ed. The Jepson manual – Higher plants of California. University of California Press. Berkeley, California, U.S.A. Pp. 641.
Janzen, D.H. & R. Liesner. 1980. Annotated check-list of plants of lowland Guanacaste province, Costa Rica, exclusive of grasses and non-vascular cryptogams. Brenesia 18:15–90.
Johnston, M. 1997. Edwards Plateau, Texas, USA. In: S.D. Davis, V.H. Heywood, O. Herrera-MacBryde, J. Villalobos, & A.C. Hamilton, eds. Centres of plant diversity – A guide and strategy for their conservation, Vol. 3 The Americas. World Wide Fund for Nature. Cambridge, United Kingdom. Pp. 91–96.
Jones, M.E. 1908. New species and notes. Contr. Western Bot. 12:12–81.
Khoury, C.K., D. Carver, S.L. Greene, K.A. Williams, H.A. Achicanoy, M. Schori, B. León, J.H. Wiersema, & A. Frances. 2020. Crop wild relatives of the United States require urgent conservation action. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 117 (52):33351–33357. https://doi/10.1073/pnas.2007029117.
Kwak, M. & P. Gepts. 2009. Structure of genetic diversity in the two major gene pools of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L., Fabaceae). Theor. Appl. Genet. 118(5):979–992. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-008-0955-4.
Lackey, J.A. 1981. Tribe 10. Phaseoleae DC. In: R.M. Polhill & P.H. Raven, eds. Advances in legume systematics. Royal Botanic Gardens. Kew, Richmond, Surrey, England. Pp. 301–327.
Lackey, J.A. 1983. A review of generic concepts in American Phaseolinae (Fabaceae, Faboideae). Iselya 2(2):21–64.
Lackey, J. & W.G. D'Arcy. 1980. Phaseolus. Family 83. Leguminosae. Flora of Panama. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 67:746–751.
LaSalle, J., K.J. Williams, & C. Moritz. 2016. Biodiversity analysis in the digital era. Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. B 371:1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0337.
Lépiz-Ildefonso, R. & R. Ramírez-Delgadillo. 2010. Los parientes silvestres del fríjol común en el Occidente de México. Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Las Agujas, Jalisco, México. 64p.
Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus II. A facsimile (1957–1959) of the first edition. Ray Society. London, England. Pp. 723–725.
Liogier, H.A. 1988. Descriptive flora of Puerto Rico and adjacent islands. Volume 2. Leguminosae to Anacardiaceae. Editorial de la Universidad de Puerto Rico. Río Piedras, Puerto Rico. 481p.
Llaca, V., A. Delgado-Salinas, & P. Gepts. 1994. Chloroplast DNA as an evolutionary marker in the Phaseolus vulgaris complex. Theor. Appl. Genet. 88(6–7):646–652.
Macbride, J.F. 1943. Flora of Peru: Family Leguminosae. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 13, 3(1):1–509.
Macfadyen, J. 1837. The Flora of Jamaica: a description of the plants of that island, arranged according to the natural orders. Longman, Orme, Brown, Green, & Longmans. London, United Kingdom. 351p.
MacMillan, C. 1892. The Metaspermae of the Minnesota valley. Harrison & Smith. Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S.A. 826p.
Maquet, A., X. Vekemans, & J.P. Baudoin. 1999. Phylogenetic study on wild allies of Lima bean, Phaseolus lunatus (Fabaceae), and implications on its origin. Pl. Syst. Evol. 218(1–2):43–54.
Maréchal, R., J. Mascherpa, & F. Stainier. 1978a. Etude taxonomique d'un groupe complexe d'espèces des genres Phaseolus et Vigna (Papilionaceae) sur la base de données morphologiques et polliniques, traitées par l'analyse informatique. Boissiera 28:1–273.
Maréchal, R., J.M. Mascherpa, & F. Stainier. 1978b. Combinaisons et noms nouveaux dans les genres Phaseolus, Minkelersia, Macroptilium, Ramirezella et Vigna. Taxon 27(2–3):199–202.
Maréchal, R., J. Mascherpa, & F. Stainier. 1981. Taxonometric study of the Phaseolus-Vigna complex and related genera. In: R.M. Polhill & P.H. Raven, eds. Advances in Legume Systematics. Royal Botanic Gardens. Kew, England. Pp. 329–335.
Martius, C.F.P. von. 1829. Auswahl merkwürdiger Pflanzen des Königliches botanischen Gartens zu München in Abbildungen und Beschreibungen, nebst Anleitung rücksichtlich ihrer Cultur. Brönner’sche Buchhandlung (S. Schmerber). Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland. 76p.
McBryde, F.W. 1947. Cultural and historical geography of southwest Guatemala. Smithsonian Inst. Publ. 4:1–184.
McNeill, J., F.R. Barrie, W.R. Buck, V. Demoulin, W. Greuter, D.L. Hawksworth, P.S. Herendeen, S. Knapp, K. Marhold, J. Prado, W.F. Prud’homme Van Reine, G.F. Smith, J.H. Wiersema & N.J. Turland. 2012. International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Melbourne Code). International Association for Plant Taxonomy. Regnum Vegetabile 154. Koeltz Scientifc Books, Königstein, Germany. 208p.
McVaugh, R. 1977. Botanical results of the Sessé & Mociño expedition (1787–1803). 1. Summary of excursions and travels. Contr. Univ. Mich. Herb. 11(3):97–195.
McVaugh, R. 1980. Karwinski’s itineraries in Mexico, 1827–1832 and 1841–1843. Contr. Univ. Mich. Herb. 14:141–152.
McVaugh, R. 1987. Flora Novo-Galiciana - A descriptive account of the vascular plants of western Mexico - Volume 5 Leguminosae. The University of Michigan Press. Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.A. 786p.
Mercado-Ruaro, P. & A. Delgado-Salinas. 1998. Karyotypic studies on species of Phaseolus (Fabaceae: Phaseolinae). Amer. J. Bot. 85(1):1–9.
Mercado-Ruaro, P., A. Delgado-Salinas, & F. Chiang. 2009. Taxonomic re-assessment of Phaseolus dasycarpus (Leguminosae): systematic position, chromosome studies and re-description. Brittonia 61(1):8–13.
Mina-Vargas, A.M., P.C. McKeown, N.S. Flanagan, D.G. Debouck, A. Kilian, T.R. Hodkinson, & C. Spillane. 2016. Origin of year-long bean (Phaseolus dumosus Macfady., Fabaceae) from reticulated hybridization events between multiple Phaseolus species. Ann. Bot. 118(5):957–969. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcw138.
Miranda-Colín, S. 1966. Identificación de las especies – mexicanas y cultivadas – del género Phaseolus. Colegio de Postgraduados, Escuela Nacional de Agricultura. Serie de Investigación no. 8. Chapingo, México. 15p.
Morton, C.V. 1944. Taxonomic studies of tropical American plants. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 29(1):1–86.
Motta-Aldana, J.R., M.L. Serrano-Serrano, J. Hernández-Torres, G. Castillo-Villamizar, D.G. Debouck, & M.I. Chacón-Sánchez. 2010. Multiple origins of Lima bean landraces in the Americas: evidence from chloroplast and nuclear DNA polymorphisms. Crop Sci. 50(5):1773–1787. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2009.12.0706.
Muñoz, L.C., M.C. Duque, D.G. Debouck, & M.W. Blair. 2006. Taxonomy of tepary bean and wild relatives as determined by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. Crop Sci. 46(4):1744–1754. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2005-12-0475.
Nabhan, G.P. 1985. Native crop diversity in Aridoamerica: conservation of regional gene pools. Econ. Bot. 39(4):387–399.
Nabhan, G.P. 1990. Wild Phaseolus ecogeography in the Sierra Madre Occidental, Mexico: aerographic techniques for targeting and conserving species diversity. Systematic and ecogeographic studies on crop genepools 5. International Board for Plant Genetic Resources. Rome, Italy. 35p.
Neill, D.A., B.B. Klitgaard, & G.P. Lewis. 1999. Fabaceae. In: P.M. Jørgensen & S. León-Yánez, eds. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A. Pp. 468–484.
Oldham, M.J. & S.R. Brinker. 2009. Rare vascular plants of Ontario. 4th Edition. Natural Heritage Information Centre, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada. 188p.
Padovani, G. & P. Cuccuini. 2006. The Florentine Herbaria – Scholars and Materials II. Sezione Botanica ‘F. Parlatore’no. 152. Museo di Storia Naturale, Università di Firenze. Firenze, Italy. 104p.
Piper, C.V. 1921. Two new legumes from Mexico and Costa Rica. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 34:41–42.
Piper, C.V. 1926. Studies in American Phaseolinae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 22(9):663–701.
Pittier, H. 1944. Leguminosas de Venezuela. 1. Papilionáceas. Ministerio de Agricultura y Cría. Caracas, Venezuela. Boletín Técnico No. 5:52–57.
Poggenburg, J.F., N.L. Britton, E.E. Sterns, A. Brown, T.C. Porter, & A. Hollick. 1888. Preliminary catalogue of anthophyta and pteridophyta reported as growing spontaneously within one hundred miles of New York city. Columbia College Herbarium. New York, U.S.A. 258p.
Pollard, C.L. 1896. Some new or rare plants. Bot. Gaz. 21(4):233–235.
Porch, T.G., J.S. Beaver, D.G. Debouck, S. Jackson, J.D. Kelly, & H. Dempewolf. 2013. Use of wild relatives and closely related species to adapt common bean to climate change. Agronomy 3:433–461. https://doi:10.3390/agronomy3020433.
Pratt, R.C. & G.P. Nabhan. 1988. Evolution and diversity of Phaseolus acutifolius genetic resources. In: P. Gepts, ed. Genetic resources of Phaseolus beans. Kluwer Academic Publishers. Dordrecht, Holland. Pp. 409–440.
Radford, A.E., H.E. Ahles, & C.R. Bell. 1968. Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas. The University of North Carolina Press. Chapel Hill, North Carolina, U.S.A. 1183p.
Ramírez-Delgadillo, R. & A. Delgado-Salinas. 1999. A new species of Phaseolus (Fabaceae) from west central Mexico. Sida 18(3):637–646.
Rendón-Anaya, M., J.M. Montero-Vargas, S. Saburido-Alvarez, A. Vlasova, S. Capella-Gutiérrez, J.J. Ordaz-Ortiz, O.M. Aguilar, R.P. Vianello-Brondani, M. Santalla, L. Delaye, T. Gabaldón, P. Gepts, R. Winkler, R. Guigó, A. Delgado-Salinas, & A. Herrera-Estrella. 2017a. Genomic history of the origin and domestication of common bean unveils its closest sister species. Genome Biol. 18(60):1–17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13059-017-1190-6.
Rendón-Anaya, M., A. Herrera-Estrella, P. Gepts, & A. Delgado Salinas. 2017b. A new species of Phaseolus (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae) sister to Phaseolus vulgaris, the common bean. Phytotaxa 313(3):259–266. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.313.3.3.
Rogers, N. 2016. Museum drawers go digital: new technology speeds efforts to display billions of natural history specimens online. Science 352(6287):762–765.
Rose, J.N. 1897. Studies of Mexican and Central American plants. II. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 5(3):109–144.
Rose, J.N. 1903. Studies of Mexican and Central American plants. No. 3. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 8(1):1–56.
Roxburgh, W. 1832. Flora Indica or descriptions of Indian plants. Volume 3. Serampore. W. Thacker and Co. Calcutta, India. 875p.
Rydberg, P.A. 1965. Flora of the Prairies and Plains of Central North America. Facsimile of 1932 edition. Hafner Publishing Company. New York, U.S.A. 969p.
Rzedowski, J. 1978. Vegetación de México. Editorial Limusa. México, D.F., Mexico. 432p.
Salcedo-Castaño, J., R. Araya-Villalobos, N. Castañeda-Alvarez, O. Toro-Chica, & D.G. Debouck. 2011. Phaseolus hygrophilus (Leguminosae–Papilionoideae), a new wild bean species from the wet forests of Costa Rica, with notes about section Brevilegumeni. J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 5(1):53–65.
Salcedo-Castaño, J., J.A. Arroyave, O. Toro, & D.G. Debouck. 2006. Phaseolus novoleonensis, a new species (Leguminosae, Phaseolinae) from the Sierra Madre Oriental, Nuevo León, Mexico. Novon 16(1):105–111.
Salcedo-Castaño, J., R. Lépiz I., N. Castañeda A., C. Ocampo N., & D.G. Debouck. 2009. Additional observations about Phaseolus rotundatus, an endemic bean species from western Mexico. J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 3(2):751–762.
Scheele, A. 1848. Beiträge zur flor von Texas. Linnaea 21(5):453–472.
Schmit, V. & D.G. Debouck. 1991. Observations on the origin of Phaseolus polyanthus Greenman. Econ. Bot. 45(3):345–364.
Schmit, V., D.G Debouck, & J.P. Baudoin. 1996. Biogeographical and molecular observations on Phaseolus glabellus (Fabaceae, Phaseolinae) and its taxonomic status. Taxon 45(3):493–501.
Schmit, V., P. du Jardin, J-P. Baudoin, & D.G. Debouck. 1993. Use of chloroplast DNA polymorphisms for the phylogenetic study of seven Phaseolus taxa including P. vulgaris and P. coccineus. Theor. Appl. Genet. 87(4):506–516.
Schrire, B.D. 2005. Tribe Phaseoleae. In: G. Lewis, B. Schrire, B. Mackinder, & M. Lock, eds. Legumes of the world. Royal Botanic Gardens. Kew, England. Pp. 392–431.
Seaton, H.E. 1893. IV. New and little known plants collected on Mt. Orizaba in the summer of 1891. Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts Sci. 28:116–123.
Serrano-Serrano, M.L., J. Hernández-Torres, G. Castillo-Villamizar, D.G. Debouck, & M.I. Chacón-Sánchez. 2010. Gene pools in wild Lima beans (Phaseolus lunatus L.) from the Americas: evidences for an Andean origin and past migrations. Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 54(1):76–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2009.08.028.
Sessé, M. & J.M. Mociño. 1887. Plantas de Nueva España, coleccionadas por mandato y bajo los auspicios del benignísimo rey Cárlos IV, y ordenadas conforme al sistema de Linneo. La Naturaleza (Soc. Mex. Hist. Nat.) 2 ser., 1:1–184.
Shreve, F. & I.L. Wiggins. 1964. Vegetation and flora of the Sonoran Desert. Stanford University Press. Volume One. Stanford, California, U.S.A. 840p.
Singh, S.P., P. Gepts, & D.G. Debouck. 1991. Races of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, Fabaceae). Econ. Bot. 45(3):379–396.
Small, J.K. 1903. Flora of the southeastern United States. Published by the Author. New York, U.S.A. 700p.
Small, J.K. 1933. Manual of the southeastern flora. The University of North Carolina Press. Chapel Hill, North Carolina, U.S.A. 1554p.
Smith, J.D. 1913. Undescribed plants from Guatemala and other Central American Republics XXXVII. Bot. Gaz. 56(1):51–62.
Sousa-Sánchez, M. & A. Delgado-Salinas. 1981. La identificación y clarificación de Phaseolus pauciflorus Sessé & Mociño ex G. Don (Leguminosae-Phaseolinae). Iselya 2(1):3–10.
Sousa-Sánchez, M. & A. Delgado-Salinas. 1993. Mexican Leguminosae: phytogeography, endemism, and origins. In: T.P. Ramamoorthy, R. Bye, A. Lot & J. Fa, eds. Biological diversity of Mexico: origins and distribution. Oxford University Press, Inc. New York, U.S.A. Pp. 459–511.
Standley, P.C. 1937. Flora of Costa Rica. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Bot. Ser. 18(1–2):1–1616.
Standley, P.C. 1940a. Studies of American plants – IX. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Bot. Ser. 22(1):3–62.
Standley, P.C. 1940b. Studies of American plants – X. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Bot. Ser. 22(2):65–129.
Stearn, W.T. 1993. Botanical Latin. 4th edition. David & Charles Publishers. Brunel House, Newton Abbot, Devon, England. 546p.
Thiers, B.M. 2020 [continuously updated]. Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden's Virtual Herbarium, New York, U.S.A. http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/.
Tohme, J., D.O. González, S. Beebe, & M.C. Duque. 1996. AFLP analysis of gene pools of a wild bean core collection. Crop Sci. 36(4):1375–1384.
Torres-González, A.M., O. Toro-Chica, & D.G. Debouck. 2001. Phaseolus talamancensis, a new wild bean species (Leguminosae, Phaseolinae) from montane forests of eastern Costa Rica. Novon 11(2):280–286.
Torrey, J. & A. Gray. 1838. Flora of North America. Volume 1. Wiley & Putnam, New York, U.S.A. 711p.
Tropicos. 2020. Vascular plants of the Americas. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, U.S.A. Available under Projects at www.tropicos.org/Name/40006376. Accessed on 27 March 2020 and re-checked on 21 December 2020.
Turland, N. 2013. The Code decoded – A user’s guide to the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants. Regnum Veg. 155. Koeltz Scientific Books, Königstein, Germany. 169p.
Turner, B.L., H. Nichols, G. Denny, & O. Doron. 2003. Atlas of the vascular plants of Texas - Volume I (Introduction, Dicots). Sida Bot. Misc. 24(1):1–652.
Ulloa-Ulloa, C., P. Acevedo-Rodríguez, S. Beck, M.J. Belgrano, R. Bernal, P.E. Berry, L. Brako, M. Celis, G. Davidse, R.C. Forzza, S.R. Gradstein, O. Hokche, B. León, S. León-Yánez, R.E. Magill, D.A. Neill, M. Nee, P.H. Raven, H. Stimmel, M.T. Strong, J.L. Villaseñor, J.L. Zarucchi, F.O. Zuloaga, & P.M. Jørgensen. 2017. An integrated assessment of the vascular plant species of the Americas. Science 358:1614–1617. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aao0398.
Urban, I. 1928. Plantae cubenses novae vel rariores a clo. Er. L. Ekman lectae. IV. Symbolae Antillanae 9(4):433–568.
Verdcourt, B. 1968. Notes on Dipogon and Psophocarpus (Leguminosae). Taxon 17(5):537–539.
Verdcourt, B. 1970. Studies in the Leguminosae-Papilionoideae for the Flora of Tropical East Africa. IV. Kew Bull. 24:507–569.
Verdcourt, B. 1971. Phaseolus. In: J.B. Gillett, R.M. Polhill, & B. Verdcourt, eds. Flora of tropical East Africa. Leguminosae. 4. Papilionoideae. Crown Agents. London, England. Pp. 503–1107.
von Bergen, C.A. 1744. Catalogus Stirpium Indigenarum aeque ac Exterarum, quas Hortus Medicus Academiae Viadrinae complectitur. Philipp Schwartze. Frankfurt am Oder, Deutschland. 120p.
von Schlechtendal, D.F.L. 1838. Einige bemerkungen über die wurzeln der pflanzen von H.F. Link. Linnaea 12:260–343.
Voss, E.G. 1985. Michigan flora – Part 2 Dicotyledons (Saururaceae – Cornaceae). Cranbook Institute of Science Bulletin 59 and University of Michigan Herbarium. Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.A. 724p.
Watson, S. 1882. Contributions to American botany XVIII. List of plants from southwestern Texas and northern Mexico, collected chiefly by Dr. E. Palmer in 1879–80. 1. Polypetalae. Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts Sci. 9:316–382.
Weberbauer, A. 1945. El mundo vegetal de los Andes peruanos: estudio fitogeográfico. 2da edición. Ministerio de Agricultura, Estación Experimental Agrícola de La Molina. Lima, Perú. 776p.
Wendel, J.F. & R.G. Percy. 1990. Allozyme diversity and introgression in the Galapagos Islands endemic Gossypium darwinii and its relationship to continental G. barbadense. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 18(7–8):517–528.
Westphal, E. 1974. Pulses in Ethiopia, their taxonomy and agricultural significance. Agric. Res. Rep. Wageningen 815:129–151.
Wiggins, I.L. & D.M. Porter. 1971. Flora of the Galapagos Islands. Stanford University Press. Stanford, California, U.S.A. 998p.
Wooton, E.O. & P.C. Standley. 1913. Descriptions of new plants preliminary to a report upon the flora of New Mexico. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 16(4):109–196.
Wooton, E.O. & P.C. Standley. 1915. Flora of New Mexico. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 19:9–794.
Zamora, N. 2010. Fabaceae. In: B.E. Hammel, M.H. Grayum, C. Herrera, & N. Zamora, eds. Manual de plantas de Costa Rica. Volumen 5. Dicotiledóneas (Clusiaceae-Gunneraceae). Missouri Botanical Garden Press. St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A. Pp. 395–775.
Zarucchi, J.L., L. Brako & A. Delgado-Salinas. 1993. Phaseolus. In: L. Brako & J.L. Zarucchi, eds. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45:508–509.

Downloads

Published

2021-07-23

How to Cite

Debouck, D. (2021). Phaseolus beans (Leguminosae, Phaseoleae): a checklist and notes on their taxonomy and ecology. Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas, 15(1), 73–111. https://doi.org/10.17348/jbrit.v15.i1.1052