What are the "sticky rings" on stems of Anulocaulis and related taxa (Nyctaginaceae) from arid regions?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17348/jbrit.v13.i2.803Palabras clave:
anatomy, Caryophyllales, Nyctagineae, secretory structures, Chihuahuan Desert, glandular trichomesResumen
Anulocaulis, comúnmente conocido como “ringstem,” es un género pequeño que se encuentra restringido a los desiertos de Chihuahua, Sonora y Mojave de América del Norte. En este estudio, usamos microscopía óptica y pruebas histoquímicas para caracterizar por primera vez las “sticky structures” (aquí denominadas “secretory rings”) que se encuentran en los entrenudos del tallo de Anulocaulis. Se demostró que los anillos secretores son grupos de células epidérmicas, o tricomas glandulares unicelulares, que se diferencian en gran medida de sus células vecinas tanto en estructura como en histoquímica. Las células comienzan a diferenciarse en las primeras etapas del desarrollo del tallo. Comienzan como células epidérmicas normales, pero luego sus paredes anticlinal y tangencial externa comienzan a agrandarse. En la madurez, las células se vuelven notablemente alargadas, incluso como globos, con un contenido citoplasmático denso. Aunque los anillos secretores han sido descritos como “estructuras mucilaginosas” basadas en observaciones morfológicas, los análisis histoquímicos preliminares mostraron que su exudado es complejo, incluyendo una mezcla de mucílago, proteínas y compuestos fenólicos. Son necesarias investigaciones futuras que permitan estudiar comparativamente la anatomía de los anillos secretores en los géneros de Nyctaginaceae y así mismo caracterizar los componentes químicos de su exudado más específicamente para buscar posibles homologías y funciones adaptativas de estas estructuras.
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