Databasing and georeferencing historical collections to discover potential sites for rare and endangered plants of New York, U.S.A.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17348/jbrit.v12.i1.940Palabras clave:
New York, Chemung County, flora, Thomas F. Lucy, rare plants, endangered plants, historical collectionsResumen
Más de 400 años de inventarios de historia natural de especímenes conservados y testigos en museos e instituciones de investigación son actualmente importantes almacenes de información invalorable y registros permanentes de la vida documentada en la tierra. En particular, las colecciones de plantas juegan un rol importante en la comprensión del cambio climático, modelos de conservación, estudios moleculares y médicos, gestión de especies invasoras, y evaluaciones de biodiversidad. Los investigadores reexaminan estas colecciones con el objetivo de establecer las prioridades en la conservación para aquellos taxones amenazados y en peligro. Los especímenes de herbarios, que abarcan varias décadas, pueden aportan datos del rango geográfico de una población natural y su cambio a lo largo del tiempo. A pesar de que los especímenes históricos provean información valiosa sobre distribuciones pasadas, la información etiquetada puede carecer de coordenadas geográficas o de localizaciones precisas, o pueden contener descripciones demasiado vagas o confusas como para ser útiles. Aquí presentamos un estudio de un caso para especímenes de plantas recogidos por Thomas F. Lucy a finales de siglo XIX en Chemung County, Nueva York. El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar si las localizaciones etiquetadas de Lucy podían ser mejoradas utilizando usos históricos del terreno y mapas topográficos, y georreferenciados utilizando Google Earth©. Lucy documentó 134 familias de plantas para el área de Chemung County: 106 especies de plantas con flores (ca. 982 taxones, excluyendo híbridos), 12 helechos y relacionados con helechos (48 taxones), 13 musgos (21 taxones) y una especie de cada uno de los siguientes grupos: líquenes, hepáticas y algas. Nueve taxones son dignos de mención para el estado de Nueva York. Catorce taxones se encuentran listados como en peligro, amenazados, o desconocidos: Chaerophyllum procumbens (Apiaceae), Arabis shortii (Brassicaceae), Cacalia suaveoleus y Lactuca floridana (Compositae), Carex retroflexa (Cyperaceae), Hydrangea arborescens (Hydrangeaceae), Allium cernuum y Chamaelirium luteum (Liliaceae), Liparis lilifolia y Platanthera hookeri (Orchidaceae), Polygonum erectum (Polygonaceae), Lysimachia quadrifolia (Primulaceae), Geum virginianum (Rosaceae) y Vitis vulpine (Vitaceae). También se recomienda la protección de otras nueve plantas: Panax quinquefolius (Araliaceae), Rudbeckia fulgida (Compositae), Carex conjuncta (Cyperaceae), Pterospora andromedea (Ericaceae), Aesculus grabra (Hippocastanaceae), Epilobium ciliatum (Onagraceae), Cypripedium arietinum (Orchidaceae), y Calamagrostis porteri y Panicum scoparium (Poaceae).
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