Updates to the flora of New Mexico (U.S.A.): Notable botanical findings from the next generation of southwestern botanists
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.17348/jbrit.v20.i1.1469Résumé
New Mexico is among the most botanically diverse states in the country. However, it is also among the most poorly collected. Recent interest in botanical collection by early career and interdisciplinary botanical groups with varied goals has yielded several noteworthy collections in the state of New Mexico. These include 15 state collection records as well as 134 other notable collection records, including range extensions, collections of poorly represented taxa, collections of rare taxa, county records, and atypical specimens. We report these findings and detail the variety of methods by which botanists can approach continued collection amidst uncertain times. Across floristic, taxonomic, habitat, agency, educational, and opportunistic collecting approaches, floristics produced the most noteworthy records. However, we argue that all collecting approaches remain vital to the tracking of statewide botanical biodiversity. Continued collecting will be imperative for documenting and conserving the extraordinary plant biodiversity of New Mexico.
Références
AEDO, C. & P.J. ALEXANDER. 2011. Geranium dodecatheoides, a new species from New Mexico, U.S.A. Rhodora 113(955):252–259.
ALLRED, K.W., E.M. JERCINOVIC, & R.D. IVEY. 2020. Flora Neomexicana III : An illustrated identification manual. 2nd Edition. Lulu.
ALLRED, K.W. (Ed). 2025. The New Mexico Botanist newsletter. Available at https://floraneomexicana.org/the-new-mexico-botanist-newsletter/. Accessed November 2025.
ASNAASHARI, S., A. DELAZAR, S.S. ALIPOUR, L. NAHAR, A.S. WILLIAMS, A. PASDARAN, M. MOJARAB, F.F. AZAD, & S.D. SARKER. 2010. Chemical composi-tion, free-radical-scavenging and insecticidal activities of the aerial parts of Stachys byzantina. Arh. Biol. Nauka 62(3):653–662. doi:10.2298/ABS1003653A
BEACH, J.H. 2018. Specify collections consortium–building durable infrastructure. Biodivers. Inf. Sci. Stand. 2:e26860. doi:10.3897/biss.2.26860
COSTEA, M. & S. STEFANOVIC. 2010. Evolutionary history and taxonomy of the Cuscuta umbellata complex (Convolvulaceae): Evidence of extensive hybridization from discordant nuclear and plastid phylogenies. Taxon. 59(6):1783–1800.
DARU, B.H. (& 10 OTHERS). 2018. Widespread sampling biases in herbaria revealed from large-scale digitization. New Phytol. 217(2):939–955. doi:10.1111/nph.14855
DARU, B.H. & J. RODRIGUEZ. 2023. Mass production of unvouchered records fails to represent global biodiversity patterns. Nat. Ecol. Evol. 7:816–831. doi:10.1038/s41559-023-02047-3
DAVIS, C.C. 2023. The herbarium of the future. Trends Ecol. Evol. 38(5):412-423. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2022.11.015
DITTMER, H.J., E.F. CASTETTER, & O.M. CLARK. 1954. The ferns and fern allies of New Mexico. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque, NM, U.S.A..
ECKERT, I., A. BRUNEAU, D.A. METSGER, S. JOLY, T.A. DICKINSON, & L.J. POLLOCK. 2024. Herbarium collections remain essential in the age of com-munity science. Nat. Commun. 15(1):7586. doi:0.1038/s41467-024-51899-1
EDDMAPS. 2025. Early detection and distribution mapping system. The University of Georgia - Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health. Available at https://www.eddmaps.org/species/subject.cfm?sub=5910. Accessed May 2025.
ELVEN, R. & B. ERTTER. 2020. Potentilla hookeriana. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+. Flora of North America North of Mexico [Online]. 25+ vols. New York and Oxford. Vol. 9. http://floranorthamerica.org/Potentilla_hookeriana. Accessed May 2025.
ERTTER, B. & J.L. REVEAL. 2020. Comarum palustre. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+. Flora of North America North of Mexico [Online]. 25+ vols. New York and Oxford. Vol. 9. Available at https://floranorthamerica.org/Comarum_palustre. Accessed May 2025.
FAUST, H. 2024. Dryopteris expansa (Dryopteridaceae): A new fern for New Mexico. Amer. Fern J. 114(4):332–333. doi:10.1640/0002-8444-114.4.332
FAUST, H. 2025. New ferns to New Mexico from a historic locality. Amer. Fern J. 115(2):154–58. doi:10.1640/0002-8444-115.2.154
FAUST, H., J.A. KLEINKOPF, G. MCCARTHA, & B. OLMEDA. 2026. Appendix for: Updates to the flora of New Mexico (U.S.A.): Notable botanical findings from the next generation of southwestern botanists [dataset]. Dryad. doi:10.5061/dryad.866t1g25b
FAUST, H. 2026. Additions of the New Mexico fern flora. Amer. Fern J. Accepted.
FOWLER, J.F., B.E. NELSON, & R.L. HARTMAN. 2014. Vascular plant flora of the alpine zone in the southern Rocky Mountains, U.S.A. J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 8(2):611–636. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26549415.
FRANCIS, A., S. DARBYSHIRE, D. CLEMENTS, & A. DITOMMASO. 2011. The biology of Canadian weeds. 146. Lapsana communis L. Canad. J. Pl. Sci. 91(3):553–569. doi:10.4141/CJPS10169
GBIF.ORG. 2025. GBIF Home Page. Available at https://www.gbif.org. Accessed November 2025.
HARTMAN, R. 2011. General information for floristics proposals: the boiler plate. Available at https://www.uwyo.edu/botany/rocky-mountain-herbarium/the-boiler-plate.pdf. Accessed May 2025.
HARTMAN, R.L. & J.E. LARSON. 2011. Cymopterus spellenbergii (Apiaceae), a new species from north central New Mexico. J. Bot. Res. Inst. Tex-as 5(1):33–40.
HEIL, K.D. & S.L. O’KANE JR. 2025. Vascular plants of New Mexico. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Botanical Garden 140.
HITCHCOCK, C.L. & A. CRONQUIST. 2018. Hydrophyllaceae. In Flora of the Pacific Northwest, edited by D.E. Giblin, B.S. Legler, P.F. Zika, R.G. Olmstead, J.R. Janish, J.H. Rumely, C. Shin, and N. Porcino. University of Washington Press, Seattle, U.S.A.
HUGHES, L. 2000. Biological consequences of global warming: is the signal already apparent? Trends Ecol. Evol. 15(2):56–61. doi:10.1016/S0169-5347(99)01764-4
iNATURALIST.ORG. 2025. iNaturalist Home Page. Available at https://www.inaturalist.org. Accessed November 2025.
ISBELL, F. (& 64 OTHERS). 2023. Expert perspectives on global biodiversity loss and its drivers and impacts on people. Front. Ecol. Environ. 21(2):94–103. doi:10.1002/fee.2536
KNIGHT, K.S., J.S. KURYLO, A.G. ENDRESS, J.R. STEWART, & P.B. REICH. 2007. Ecology and ecosystem impacts of common buckthorn (Rhamnus Cat-hartica): a review. Biol. Invasions 9(8):925–937. doi:10.1007/s10530-007-9091-3
KÖRNER, C. 2003. Alpine plant life: functional plant ecology of high mountain ecosystems. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany.
KOTLARSKI, S., A. GOBIET, S. MORIN, M. OLEFS, J. RAJCZAK, & R. SAMACOÏTS. 2023. 21st century alpine climate change. Clim. Dyn. 60(1):65–86. doi:10.1007/s00382-022-06303-3
LADY BIRD JOHNSON WILDFLOWER CENTER. 2020. Graptopetalum rusbyi (San Francisco River Leather Petal). University of Texas, Austin, U.S.A. Available at https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=GRRU. Accessed May 2025.
LANG, P.L.M., F.M. WILLEMS, J.F. SCHEEPENS, H.A. BURBANO, & O. BOSSDORF. 2019. Using herbaria to study global environmental change. New Phytol. 221(1):110–122. doi:10.1111/nph.15401
LAVOIE, C. 2013. Biological collections in an ever changing world: herbaria as tools for biogeographical and environmental studies. Per-spect. Pl. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 15(1):68–76. doi:10.1016/j.ppees.2012.10.002
LEGLER, B.S. 2010. Additions to the vascular flora of New Mexico. J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 4(2):777–784.
LOMBARDI, E.M., H. FAUST, & H.E. MARX. 2024. Synthesizing historical plant collections to identify priorities for future collection efforts and research applications. Ecosphere 15(12):e70102. doi:10.1002/ecs2.70102
MCNAIR, D.M., J. FOX, R. LINDLEY, S.D. CARNAHAN, M.E. TAYLOR, J.T. VERRIER, & D.C. BECKMAN. 2022. Illustrations of Abutilon and similar mallows in Arizona. Phytoneuron 2022-30: 1–92. Published 8 April 2022.
MILLER, N.G. & S.C. ROBINSON. 2010. Introduction and recent range expansion in the moss Ptychomitrium serratum (Ptychomitriaceae) in the southern and eastern United States. Botany 88(4):336–344.
MORAN, R.V. 2020. Graptopetalum rusbyi. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+. Flora of North America North of Mexico [Online]. 25+ vols. New York and Oxford. Vol. 8. Available at http://dev.floranorthamerica.org/Graptopetalum_rusbyi. Ac-cessed May 2025.
NAGY, L., & G. GRABHERR. 2009. The biology of alpine habitats. Oxford University Press, New York, U.S.A.
NAGY, L., G. GRABHERR, C. KÖRNER, & D.B.A. THOMPSON. 2003. Alpine biodiversity in space and time: a synthesis. In L. Nagy, G. Grabherr, C. Körner, & D.B.A. Thompson, eds. Alpine biodiversity in Europe. Springer Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany. Pp. 453–464.
NATURESERVE. 2025a. Graptopetalum rusbyi. NatureServe explorer. Arlington, Virginia: NatureServe. Available at https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.141883/Graptopetalum_rusbyi. Accessed May 2025.
NATURESERVE. 2025b. Utricularia minor. NatureServe explorer. Arlington, Virginia: NatureServe. Available at https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.129833/Utricularia_minor. Accessed November 2025.
NESOM, G.L. 2010. Revision of Verbena ser. Tricesimae (Verbenaceae). Phytoneuron. 2010-35:1–38.
NESOM, G.L. 2020. Ageratina paupercula. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+. Flora of North America North of Mex-ico [Online]. 25+ vols. New York and Oxford. Vol. 21. Available at https://floranorthamerica.org/Ageratina_paupercula. Accessed May 2025.
NEW MEXICO RARE PLANT TECHNICAL COUNCIL. 1999a. Graptopetalum rusbyi (San Francisco river leather-petal). New Mexico rare plants home page. Albuquerque, NM. Available at https://nmrareplants.unm.edu/node/522 [updated June 2025]. Accessed June 2025.
NEW MEXICO RARE PLANT TECHNICAL COUNCIL. 1999b. New Mexico rare plants. Albuquerque, NM: New Mexico rare plants home page. Availa-ble at https://nmrareplants.unm.edu/ [updated June 2025]. Accessed June 2025.
OLMEDA, B., H. FAUST, H. MARX. 2026. A floristic study of the vascular flora of the Brokeoff Mountains, southcentral New Mexico. J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas In review.
OWNBEY, G.B. 1958. Monograph of the genus Argemone for North America and the West Indies. Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 21(1):1–159.
PALMER, M.W., G.L. WADE, & P. NEAL. 1995. Standards for the writing of floras. BioScience 45(5):339–345. doi:10.2307/1312495
PLANTS OF THE WORLD ONLINE. 2025. Stachys byzantina K. Koch. Kew Royal Botanic Gardens. Available at http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:459393-1. Accessed May 2025.
PRATHER, L.A., O. ALVAREZ-FUENTES, M.H. MAYFIELD, & C.J. FERGUSON. 2004. The decline of plant collecting in the United States: a threat to the infrastructure of biodiversity studies. Syst. Bot. 29(1):15–28. doi:10.1600/036364404772974185
RABELER, R.K. & R.L. HARTMAN. 2020. Holosteum umbellatum. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+. Flora of North America North of Mexico [Online]. 25+ vols. New York and Oxford. Vol. 5. Available at http://floranorthamerica.org/Holosteum_umbellatum. Accessed May 2025.
REZNICEK, A.A. 2020. Carex perglobosa. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+. Flora of North America North of Mexico [Online]. 25+ vols. New York and Oxford. Vol. 23. Available at http://floranorthamerica.org/Carex_perglobosa. Accessed May 2025.
REZNICEK, A.A. & B.A. FORD 2020. Carex retrorsa. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+. Flora of North America North of Mexico [Online]. 25+ vols. New York and Oxford. Vol. 23. Available at http://floranorthamerica.org/Carex_retrorsa. Accessed Novem-ber 2025.
ROSENZWEIG, M.L., W.R. TURNER, J.G. COX, & T.H. RICKETTS. 2003. Estimating diversity in unsampled habitats of a biogeographical province. Conserv. Biol. 17(3):864–874. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1739.2003.01281.x
SCHENK, J.J. & L. HUFFORD. 2011. Phylogeny and taxonomy of Mentzelia section Bartonia (Loasaceae). Syst. Bot. 36(3):711–720.
SCHENK, J., C. GRANADOS MENDOZA, & A.E. ESTRADA-CASTILLÓN. 2021. The species of Mentzelia (Loasaceae) in Mexico, part 2: Mentzelia section Bartonia. Bot. Sci. 99(4):897–909. doi:10.17129/botsci.2828
SHARPLES, M.T. & E.A. TRIPP. 2019. RAD sequencing rejects a long?distance disjunction in Stellaria (Caryophyllaceae) and yields support for a new southern Rocky Mountains endemic. Taxon 68(2):280–296. doi:10.1002/tax.12059
SHINNERS, L.H. 1965. Holosteum umbellatum (Caryophyllaceae) in the United States: Population explosion and fractionated suicide. Sida 2(2):119–128.
SIVINSKI, R.C. & P.J. KNIGHT. 1996. Narrow endemism in the New Mexico flora. In: J. Maschinski, H.D. Hammond, & L. Holter, eds. Southwest rare and endangered plants: proceedings of the second conference. General Technical Report RM-GTR-283. Fort Collins, CO, U.S.A. Pp. 286–296.
SIVINSKI, R.C. & M.O. HOWARD. 2011. A new species of Linum from the northern Chihuahuan Desert. Phytoneuron 2011-33:1–7.
STEIN, B.A. 2002. States of the union: ranking America’s biodiversity. NatureServe. https://www.natureserve.org/sites/default/files/publications/files/stateofunions.pdf.
SWEARINGEN, J. & C. BARGERON. 2016. Invasive plant atlas of the United States. University of Georgia Center for Invasive Species and Ecosys-tem Health. Available at http://www.invasiveplantatlas.org/. Accessed May 2025.
SYMBIOTA. 2024. Southwest environmental information network (SEINet). Available at https://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/index.php. Accessed May 2025.
TEWKSBURY, J.J. (& 16 others). 2014. Natural history’s place in science and society. Bioscience 64(4):300–310. doi:10.1093/biosci/biu032
THE NEW MEXICO BOTANIST (VARIOUS AUTHORS). 2010. Plant distribution reports. New Mexico Botanist Newslett. 51:2–3.
THE NEW MEXICO BOTANIST (VARIOUS AUTHORS). 2010. Plant distribution reports. New Mexico Botanist Newslett. 52:4.
THE NEW MEXICO BOTANIST (VARIOUS AUTHORS). 2011. Plant distribution reports. New Mexico Botanist Newslett. 53:4.
THE NEW MEXICO BOTANIST (VARIOUS AUTHORS). 2011. Plant distribution reports. New Mexico Botanist Newslett. 54:10.
THE NEW MEXICO BOTANIST (VARIOUS AUTHORS). 2011. Plant distribution reports. New Mexico Botanist Newslett. 55:11.
TORREY, J. 1824. A flora of the northern and middle stations of the United States; or, a systematic arrangement and description of all the plants hitherto discovered in the United States north of Virginia. Vol. 1. T. and J. Swords, New York, U.S.A.
TURNER, B.L. 1997. The Comps of Mexico. A systematic account of the family Asteraceae, Vol. 1 Eupatorieae. Phytologia Memoirs 11:1–272.
VOJÍK, M., M. KADLECOVÁ, J. KUTLVAŠR, J. PERGL, & K. BERCHOVÁ BÍMOVÁ. 2022. Two shades of grey: effect of temperature on seed germination of the escaping ornamental species Lychnis coronaria and Stachys byzantina. Pl. Ecol. 223(9):1121–35. doi:10.1007/s11258-022-01265-2
WALDEN, G.K., R.W. PATTERSON, L.M. GARRISON, & D.R. HANSEN. 2023. Phacelia distans. Jepson eFlora. Available at https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=37450. Accessed May 2025.
WARREN, R.J., A. LABATORE, & M. CANDEIAS. 2017. Allelopathic invasive tree (Rhamnus cathartica) alters native plant communities. Pl. Ecol. 218(10):1233–1241. doi:10.1007/s11258-017-0766-2
WELSH, S.L. 2025a. Oxytropis parryi. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+. Flora of North America North of Mexico [Online]. 25+ vols. New York and Oxford. Vol. 11. Available at http://floranorthamerica.org/Oxytropis_parryi. Accessed May 2025.
WELSH, S.L. 2025b. Oxytropis podocarpa. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+. Flora of North America North of Mex-ico [Online]. 25+ vols. New York and Oxford. Vol. 11. Available at http://floranorthamerica.org/Oxytropis_podocarpa. Accessed May 2025.
Téléchargements
Publié-e
Comment citer
Numéro
Rubrique
Licence
(c) Tous droits réservés Botanical Research Institute of Texas 2026
Cette œuvre est sous licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d'Utilisation Commerciale - Pas de Modification 4.0 International.
