Floristics of flowering plants from the understory of Atlantic remnants in central and southern Bahia, Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17348/jbrit.v11.i1.1170Abstract
The Atlantic Rainforest has high species diversity and endemism and is one of the most threatened ecosystems in the world. However, the rainforest understory stratum is regarded as the least studied and understood with regards to biodiversity. The aim of our study was to develop an up-to-date checklist of flowering plants collected in 10 Atlantic Rainforest remnants in Southern Bahia, Brazil. The floristic inventory recorded 49 families, 103 genera, and 170 species. The richest families were Rubiaceae (34 spp.), Melastomataceae (16), Bromeliaceae, Poaceae (8 spp.), Cyperaceae, Erythroxylaceae, Marantaceae, Myrtaceae, and Piperaceae (7). We record 10 new state records for Bahia and two new taxonomic novelties (Bertolonia sp. nov. and Palicourea sp. nov.) were discovered. The species composition is very exclusive with 85% of species occurring in only one of the studied areas and 27% being endemic to this biome region.
References
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Liuth, H.S., D.C. Talora, & A.M. Amorim. 2013. Phenological synchrony and seasonality of understory Rubiaceae in the Atlantic forest, Bahia, Brazil. Acta Bot. Brasilica 27 (1):195–204.
Lombardi, J.A. & M. Gonçalves. 2000. Composição florística de dois remanescentes de Mata Atlântica do Sudeste de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Rev. Brasileira Bot. 23(3):255–282.
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Mori, S.A., B.M. Boom, A.M.V. Carvalho, & T.S. Santos. 1983. Southern Bahian moist forests. Bot. Rev. 49(2):155–232.
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Oliveira-Filho, A.T. & M.A.L. Fontes. 2000. Patterns of floristic diferentiation among Atlantic forest in southeastern Brazil and influence of the climate. Biotropica 32(4b):793–810. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7429.2000.tb00619.x
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Ribeiro, M.C., J.P. Metzeger, A.C. Martensen, F.J. Ponzoni, & M.M. Hirota. 2009. The Brazilian Atlantic Forest: How much is left, and how is remaining forest is distributed? Implications for conservation. Biol. Conservation 142(6):1141–1153.
Rigueira, D.M.G., P.L.B. Rocha, & E. Mariano-Neto. 2013. Forest cover, extinction thresholds and time lags in woody plants (Myrtaceae) in the Brazilian Atlantic forest: Resources for conservation. Biodiv. Conservation 22:3141–3163.
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Rocha, D.S.B. & A.M. Amorim. 2012. Heterogeneidade altitudinal na Floresta Atlântica setentrional: Um estudo de caso no sul da Bahia, Brasil. Acta Bot. Brasilica 20(3):309–327.
Scarano, F.R. 2002. Structure, function and floristic relationships of plant communities in stressful habitats marginal to the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest. Ann. Bot. 90:517–524.
Sobrinho, J.G.C. & L.P. Queiroz. 2005. Composição florística de um fragmento de Mata Atlântica na Serra da Jibóia, Santa Terezinha, Bahia, Brasil. Sitientibus Sér. Ci. Biol. 5(1):20–28.
Stehmann, J.R., R.C. Forzza, M. Sobral, D.P. Costa, & L.H.Y. Kamino. 2009. Plantas da Floresta Atlântica. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Tabarelli, M., W. Mantovani, & C.A. Peres. 1999. Effects of habitat fragmentation on plant guild structure in the montane forest of Atlantic of southeastern Brazil. Biol. Conservation 91:119–127.
Thiers, B. 2015. Index herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York, U.S.A. http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/. 5 Sep 2015.
Thomas, W.W., A.M.V. Carvalho, A.M. Amorim, J. Garrison, & A.L. Arbelaéz. 1998. Plant endemism in two forests in southern Bahia, Brazil. Biodiv. & Conservation 7:311–322. doi:10.1023/A:1008825627656
Tonhasca, A. 2005. Ecologia e história natural da Mata Atlântica. Intersciência, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Williams-Linera, G. 2003.Temporal and spatial phonological variation of understory shrubs in a tropical montane cloud forests. Biotropica 35(1):28–36.
Ziparro, V.B., F.A. Guilherme, R.J. Almeida-Scabbia, & L.P.C. Morellato. 2005. Levantamento florístico de Floresta Atlântica no Sul do Estado de São Paulo, Parque estadual Intervales, Base Saibadela. Biota Neotropica 5(1):147–170.
Amorim, A.M., P. Fiaschi, J.G. Jardim, W.W. Thomas, B.C. Clifton, & A.M.V. Carvalho. 2005. The vascular plants of a forest fragment in southern Bahia, Brazil. Sida 21(3):1726–1752.
Amorim, A.M., W.W. Thomas, A.M.V. Carvalho, & J.G. Jardim. 2008. Floristic of the Una Biological Reserve. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 100:67–146.
Amorim, A.M., P. Fiaschi, J.G. Jardim, W.W. Thomas, B.C. Clifton, & A.A. Carvalho. 2009. Angiospermas em remanescentes de floresta montana no sul da Bahia, Brasil. Biota Neotropica 9(3):1–36.
Andreata, R.H.P., M. Gomes, & J.F.A. Baumgratz. 1997. Plantas herbáceo-arbustivas terrestres da Reserva Ecológica de Macaé de Cima. In: H.C. Lima & R.R. Guedes-Bruni, eds. Serra de Macaé de Cima: Diversidade florística e conservação em Mata Atlântica. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Pp. 65–74.
BFG (The Brazil Flora Group). 2015. Growing knowledge: An overview of seed plant diversity in Brazil. Rodriguésia 66(4):1085–1113.
Cardoso, D.B.O.S. & L.P. Queiroz. 2008. Floristic composition of seasonally dry tropical forest fragments in central Bahia, Northeastern Brazil. J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 2(1):551–573.
Coelho, M.M. & A.M. Amorim. 2014. Floristic composition of the Montane Forest in the Almadina-Barro Preto axis, Southern Bahia, Brazil. Biota Neotropica 14(1):1–41.
França, G.S. & J.R. Stehman. 2013. Florística e estrutura do componente arbóreo de remanescentes de Mata Atlântica do médio Rio doce, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Rodriguésia 64(3):607–624.
Fiaschi, P. & J.R. Pirani. 2009. Review of plant biogeographic studies in Brazil. J. Syst. Evol. 47:447–496.
Gallindo-Leal, C. & I.G. Câmara. 2003. The Atlantic forest of South America: Biodiversity status, threats, and outlook. Island Press, Washington D.C., U.S.A.
Gentry, A.H. 1988. Changes in plant community diversity and floristic composition on environmental and geographical gradients. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 69(3):557–593.
Gentry, A.H. 1992. Tropical forest biodiversity: Distributional patterns and their conservation significance. Oikos 63:19–28.
Gentry, A.H. & L.H. Emmons. 1987. Geographical variation in fertility, phenology and composition of the understory of Neotropical forests. Biotropica 19(3):216–227.
Guedes-Bruni, R.R., S.V.A. Pessoa, & B.C. Kurtz. 1994. Florística e estrutura do componente arbustivo-arbóreo de um trecho preservado de floresta montana na reserva ecológica de Macaé de Cima. In: H.C. Lima & R.R. Guedes-Bruni, eds. Serra de Macaé de Cima: Diversidade florística e conservação em Mata Atlântica. Instituto de pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Pp. 127-145.
Giulietti, A.M., L.P. Queiroz, T.R. Silva, F. França, M.L. Guedes, & A.M. Amorim. 2006. Flora da Bahia. Sitientibus Série Ciências Biológicas 6(3):169–173.
Gomes, F.S. & M.L. Guedes. 2014. Flora vascular e formas de vida das formações de restinga do litoral norte da Bahia, Brasil. Acta Biol. Catarinense 1(1):22–43.
Hilty, S.L. 1980. Flowering and fruiting periodicity in a premontane rainforest in Pacific Colombia. Biotropica 12:292–306.
Kozera, C., R.R. Rodrigues, & V.A.O. Dittrich. 2009. Composição florística do subosque de uma floresta ombrófila densa montana, Morretes, PR, Brasil. Floresta 39(2):323–334.
Leitman, P., A.M. Amorim, L.M. Neto, & R.C. Forzza. 2014. Epiphytic angiosperms in a mountain forests in southern Bahia, Brazil. Biota Neotropica 14(2):1–12.
Lima, M,M. & E.M. Mariano-Neto. 2013. Extinction thresholds for Sapotaceae due to forest cover in Atlantic forest landscapes. Forest Ecol. Managem. 312:260–270.
Liuth, H.S., D.C. Talora, & A.M. Amorim. 2013. Phenological synchrony and seasonality of understory Rubiaceae in the Atlantic forest, Bahia, Brazil. Acta Bot. Brasilica 27 (1):195–204.
Lombardi, J.A. & M. Gonçalves. 2000. Composição florística de dois remanescentes de Mata Atlântica do Sudeste de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Rev. Brasileira Bot. 23(3):255–282.
Morellato, L.P.C. & C.F.B. Haddad. 2000. Introduction: The Brazilian Atlantic forest. Biotropica 32(4):786–792.
Mori, S.A., B.M. Boom, A.M.V. Carvalho, & T.S. Santos. 1983. Southern Bahian moist forests. Bot. Rev. 49(2):155–232.
Myers, N., R.A. Mittermeir, C.G. Mittermeir, G.A.B. Fonseca, & J. Kent. 2000. Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorites. Nature 403:853 –858.
Oliveira-Filho, A.T. & M.A.L. Fontes. 2000. Patterns of floristic diferentiation among Atlantic forest in southeastern Brazil and influence of the climate. Biotropica 32(4b):793–810. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7429.2000.tb00619.x
Peel, M.C., B.L. Finlayson, & T.A. Mcmahon. 2007. Updated world map of Köppen-Geiger climate classification. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. 11:1633–1644.
Ribeiro, M.C., J.P. Metzeger, A.C. Martensen, F.J. Ponzoni, & M.M. Hirota. 2009. The Brazilian Atlantic Forest: How much is left, and how is remaining forest is distributed? Implications for conservation. Biol. Conservation 142(6):1141–1153.
Rigueira, D.M.G., P.L.B. Rocha, & E. Mariano-Neto. 2013. Forest cover, extinction thresholds and time lags in woody plants (Myrtaceae) in the Brazilian Atlantic forest: Resources for conservation. Biodiv. Conservation 22:3141–3163.
Rizinni, C.T. 1979. Tratado de fitogeografia do Brasil. Hucitec/Edusp., São Paulo, Brazil.
Rocha, D.S.B. & A.M. Amorim. 2012. Heterogeneidade altitudinal na Floresta Atlântica setentrional: Um estudo de caso no sul da Bahia, Brasil. Acta Bot. Brasilica 20(3):309–327.
Scarano, F.R. 2002. Structure, function and floristic relationships of plant communities in stressful habitats marginal to the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest. Ann. Bot. 90:517–524.
Sobrinho, J.G.C. & L.P. Queiroz. 2005. Composição florística de um fragmento de Mata Atlântica na Serra da Jibóia, Santa Terezinha, Bahia, Brasil. Sitientibus Sér. Ci. Biol. 5(1):20–28.
Stehmann, J.R., R.C. Forzza, M. Sobral, D.P. Costa, & L.H.Y. Kamino. 2009. Plantas da Floresta Atlântica. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Tabarelli, M., W. Mantovani, & C.A. Peres. 1999. Effects of habitat fragmentation on plant guild structure in the montane forest of Atlantic of southeastern Brazil. Biol. Conservation 91:119–127.
Thiers, B. 2015. Index herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York, U.S.A. http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/. 5 Sep 2015.
Thomas, W.W., A.M.V. Carvalho, A.M. Amorim, J. Garrison, & A.L. Arbelaéz. 1998. Plant endemism in two forests in southern Bahia, Brazil. Biodiv. & Conservation 7:311–322. doi:10.1023/A:1008825627656
Tonhasca, A. 2005. Ecologia e história natural da Mata Atlântica. Intersciência, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Williams-Linera, G. 2003.Temporal and spatial phonological variation of understory shrubs in a tropical montane cloud forests. Biotropica 35(1):28–36.
Ziparro, V.B., F.A. Guilherme, R.J. Almeida-Scabbia, & L.P.C. Morellato. 2005. Levantamento florístico de Floresta Atlântica no Sul do Estado de São Paulo, Parque estadual Intervales, Base Saibadela. Biota Neotropica 5(1):147–170.
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Published
2017-07-24
How to Cite
Borges, R. L., Ferreira, P. A. ., Viana, B. F. ., Guedes, M. L. ., & Roque, N. . (2017). Floristics of flowering plants from the understory of Atlantic remnants in central and southern Bahia, Brazil. Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas, 11(1), 175–184. https://doi.org/10.17348/jbrit.v11.i1.1170
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FLORISTICS, ECOLOGY, & CONSERVATION
