Louisiana coastal prairie vascular flora checklist with coefficients of conservatism for floristic quality assessments
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17348/jbrit.v18.i2.1374Resumen
Históricamente, las praderas costeras ocupaban aproximadamente 3,6 millones de hectáreas en Texas y Luisiana, de las cuales 1,01 millones se encontraban en Luisiana. Esta pradera, antaño tan extensa, se encuentra ahora en peligro crítico, con menos del uno por ciento restante (el 0,02% restante en Luisiana). Este trabajo se inspiró en el reciente descubrimiento de restos de pradera defendibles en tierras de pastoreo de las parroquias de Calcasieu y Cameron, en Luisiana. A pesar de la grave situación de la pradera costera, existen interesantes oportunidades de conservación en toda la ecorregión de la pradera costera de Luisiana. Presentamos una lista de comprobación de la flora vascular de la pradera costera de Luisiana basada en el trabajo de campo original y en especímenes depositados en herbarios regionales. Asignamos coeficientes de conservadurismo (valores C) a cada especie para permitir evaluaciones cuantitativas de la calidad florística (FQA). Proporcionamos datos complementarios, como rasgos fisonómicos y clasificaciones de indicadores de humedales, para cada especie. Nuestros valores C oscilan entre -3 y 10. A diferencia de otros sistemas FQA, algunos taxones nativos perjudiciales para la pradera costera recibieron valores C negativos, junto con los no nativos perjudiciales. A continuación se exponen nuestros criterios de valores C y se explican detalladamente los gremios funcionales. La flora de la pradera costera consta de 728 especies y taxones subespecíficos distribuidos en 94 familias y 323 géneros. De los 728 taxones, 662 (90,93%) son autóctonos y 66 (9,07%) son alóctonos. Proporcionalmente, las familias Poaceae, Cyperaceae y Asteraceae representan el mayor número de taxones de esta flora. De los 728 taxones, consideramos 331 como verdaderos taxones (determinantes) de pradera costera (con un valor C de ≥5). Las especies determinantes de praderas costeras representan 45 familias y 150 géneros. El valor C medio para toda la flora (728 taxones) fue de 4,09. El valor C medio para los taxones nativos fue de 4,58. El valor C medio de los taxones determinantes fue de 7,04. Presentamos un análisis de la flora de la pradera costera con respecto a FQA, rasgos fisonómicos (por ejemplo, formas de vida Raunkiaer) y clasificaciones de indicadores de humedales. Nuestro trabajo permitirá realizar evaluaciones más sólidas de la calidad florística en la ecorregión de la pradera costera de Luisiana, donde han aumentado los proyectos de custodia y restablecimiento de praderas.
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